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        <title xml:lang="eng">OTN VR2W Loan - Cabo Verde: Nurse and Lemon shark.</title>
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                <givenName>Ocean Tracking Network</givenName>
                <surName>Data Centre</surName>
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            <positionName>Data Manager</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Dalhousie University</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Halifax</city>
                <administrativeArea>Nova Scotia</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>B3H 4J1</postalCode>
                <country>CA</country>
            </address>
            <phone>+1 (902) 494-4101</phone>
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                <givenName>Jonathan</givenName>
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            <electronicMailAddress>jonathan.pye@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
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                <givenName>Manuel</givenName>
                <surName>Dureuil</surName>
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            <address>
                <country>CANADA</country>
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            <electronicMailAddress>manuel.dureuil@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
            <role>principalInvestigator</role>
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            <individualName>
                <givenName>Albertino</givenName>
                <surName>Martins</surName>
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            <organizationName>Instituto Nacional do Desenvolvimento das Pescas, Cabo Verde</organizationName>
            <address>
                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
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                <surName>Harvey-Clark</surName>
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            <organizationName>Dalhousie University</organizationName>
            <address>
                <country>CANADA</country>
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            <electronicMailAddress>charveyc@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
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                <surName>Evora</surName>
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                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
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                <surName>Monteiro</surName>
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                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
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            <electronicMailAddress>carlos.monteiro@indp.gov.cv</electronicMailAddress>
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        </associatedParty>
        <associatedParty>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Sergio</givenName>
                <surName>Portugues</surName>
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            <organizationName>Fundação Maio Biodiversidade, Cabo Verde</organizationName>
            <address>
                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>sergioportugues07@gmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
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        </associatedParty>
        <associatedParty>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Joseph</givenName>
                <surName>Pratt</surName>
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            <organizationName>Dalhousie University</organizationName>
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                <country>CANADA</country>
            </address>
            <electronicMailAddress>joseph.pratt@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
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        <associatedParty>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Patricia</givenName>
                <surName>Rendall Rocha</surName>
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            <organizationName>Biosfera I - Associação Ambientalista, Cabo Verde</organizationName>
            <address>
                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
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            <electronicMailAddress>patricia.rendall.rocha@hotmail.com</electronicMailAddress>
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            <individualName>
                <givenName>Péricles</givenName>
                <surName>Silva</surName>
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                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
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            <electronicMailAddress>pericles.silva@indp.gov.cv</electronicMailAddress>
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                <givenName>Fred</givenName>
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            <individualName>
                <givenName>Boris</givenName>
                <surName>Worm</surName>
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            <organizationName>Dalhousie University</organizationName>
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                <country>CANADA</country>
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                <givenName>Victor</givenName>
                <surName>Stiebens</surName>
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            <organizationName>Fundação Maio Biodiversidade, Cabo Verde</organizationName>
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                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
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                <givenName>Tatiana</givenName>
                <surName>Cabral</surName>
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            <organizationName>Instituto Nacional do Desenvolvimento das Pescas, Cabo Verde</organizationName>
            <address>
                <country>CAPE VERDE</country>
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            2025-11-05
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            <para>This is the OBIS extraction of the Ocean Tracking Network  and Dalhousie University (DAL)  OTN VR2W Loan - Cabo Verde: Nurse and Lemon shark., consisting of the release tagging metadata, i.e. the location and date when the tagged animal was released, and summarized detection events of tagged individuals.
    If readers are interested in the source dataset they may also inquire with the project PIs as listed here or on the OTN web site (https://members.oceantrack.org/project?ccode=V2LCV).</para><para>Abstract:More than 60 elasmobranch species inhabit the waters of Cabo Verde Island. The assemblage include a wide spectrum of species from large and small coastal species to pelagic species and from highly migratory to resident species, as well as species endemic to Cabo Verde, such as the Cabo Verde skate, Raja herwigi, and semi-endemic species (endemic to West Africa), such as the Atlantic weasel shark, Paragaleus pectoralis. Neonates and adult individuals are present and this wide demographic spread indicates that essential and important, but largely uncharacterized, habitats of elasmobranch are present in this region and it is believed to be one of the last refugees for elasmobranchs in West Africa, and indeed the North Atlantic Ocean. However, detailed scientific information is scarce preventing any science-based management efforts. The high value of this area in conjunction with the ability to study and protect some species within Marine Protected Areas means the region can offer some degree of sanctuary from the world-wide decline in elasmobranch species. This decline is mainly triggered by the high demand for shark fins and flesh and primarily the result of unstainable fishing practices and lacking or inadequate management. There is growing public and scientific concern over the global decline of elasmobranch populations and the consequences of such declines include changes in the structure, function and stability of marine ecosystems. Currently, there is no stock assessment available for any elasmobranch species in Cabo Verde and although marine reserves have been established, their benefit for elasmobranch conservation remains unclear. Hence, more detailed scientific information is needed to allow for a comprehensive and successful elasmobranch conservation strategy in Cabo Verde. Moreover, the characterization and conservation of Cabo Verde elasmobranch populations will contribute to both, the preservation of species diversity and support a sustainable resource for ecotourism and fisheries. Therefore, the Cabo Verde Elasmobranch Research Project aims to improve our understanding of the biology, ecology, and conservation status of elasmobranchs in Cabo Verde waters in order to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive protection and management, aid the science of these species and to benefit local communities and Cabo Verde in terms of fisheries, education and maintenance of biodiversity. The Project is based on an interdisciplinary approach with the goal of bringing together international and Cabo Verdean researchers, government representatives and resource managers, industry, NGOs and local communities, translating scientific information into on-the-water conservation measures and ensuring the effectiveness of management efforts. Canadian, Cabo Verdean and international researchers will collaborate to support long-term sustainability of elasmobranch populations through species assessments, field surveys, collection of fisheries data, telemetry studies, stock assessments, the collection of biological or environmental data, and gathering local ecological knowledge observations. The local knowledge of Cabo Verdeans who use the sea, such as traditional fishermen, will be an invaluable assistance in achieving these goals.</para>
        </abstract>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>ACOUSTIC TAGS</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>n/a</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>EARTH SCIENCE &gt; BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION &gt; ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES &gt; FISH</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Occurrence</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <keywordSet>
            <keyword>Samplingevent</keyword>
            <keywordThesaurus>GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml</keywordThesaurus>
        </keywordSet>
        <additionalInfo>
            <para>Access Constraints:  none
Use Constraints:
Acknowledge the use of specific records from contributing databases in the form appearing in the &apos;Citation&apos; field thereof (if any); and acknowledge the use of the OBIS facility.

For information purposes, email to info@obis.org  the full citation of any publication made (printed or electronic) that cites OBIS or any constituent part.

Recognize the limitations of data in OBIS. See https://manual.obis.org/policy.html#disclaimer for more details</para>
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        <intellectualRights>
            <para>This work is licensed under a <ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"><citetitle>Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License</citetitle></ulink>.</para>
        </intellectualRights>
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            <online>
                <url function="information">https://members.oceantrack.org/project?ccode=V2LCV</url>
            </online>
        </distribution>
        <coverage>
            <geographicCoverage>
                <geographicDescription>WEST AFRICA</geographicDescription>
                <boundingCoordinates>
                    <westBoundingCoordinate>-25.02</westBoundingCoordinate>
                    <eastBoundingCoordinate>-23.13</eastBoundingCoordinate>
                    <northBoundingCoordinate>17</northBoundingCoordinate>
                    <southBoundingCoordinate>15.12</southBoundingCoordinate>
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                <rangeOfDates>
                    <beginDate>
                        <calendarDate>2015-10-13</calendarDate>
                    </beginDate>
                    <endDate>
                        <calendarDate>2015-10-13</calendarDate>
                    </endDate>
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            </temporalCoverage>
            <taxonomicCoverage>
                <generalTaxonomicCoverage>Species included below are tagged by this project and have left any embargo. Other individuals or species may later be appended to this dataset.</generalTaxonomicCoverage>
                <taxonomicClassification>
                    <taxonRankName>species</taxonRankName>
                    <taxonRankValue>Paragaleus pectoralis</taxonRankValue>
                    <commonName>Atlantic weasel shark</commonName>
                </taxonomicClassification>
            </taxonomicCoverage>
        </coverage>
        <purpose><para>These data are for display on the OBIS portal and associated mapping programs and for download to personal computers for ad-hoc end-user analysis.</para></purpose>
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            <description>
                <para></para>
            </description>
            <maintenanceUpdateFrequency>daily</maintenanceUpdateFrequency>
        </maintenance>
        <contact>
            <individualName>
                <givenName>Ocean Tracking Network</givenName>
                <surName>Data Centre</surName>
            </individualName>
            <organizationName>Ocean Tracking Network</organizationName>
            <positionName>Data Manager</positionName>
            <address>
                <deliveryPoint>Dalhousie University</deliveryPoint>
                <city>Halifax</city>
                <administrativeArea>Nova Scotia</administrativeArea>
                <postalCode>B3H 4J1</postalCode>
                <country>CA</country>
            </address>
            <phone>+1 (902) 494-4101</phone>
            <electronicMailAddress>otndc@dal.ca</electronicMailAddress>
            <onlineUrl>http://members.oceantrack.org</onlineUrl>
        </contact>
        <methods>
            <methodStep>
                <description>
                    <para>This resource was created by the Ocean Tracking Network Data Centre as a summarized representation of animal presence determined by electronic tagging efforts. Darwin Core (DwC) records were extracted from the OTN database and filtered and summarized according to international agreed-upon standards.</para>
                </description>
            </methodStep>
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                        <para>Program started 2015-10-13 and ran until None</para>
                    </description>
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                    <para>Acoustic tags released.</para>
                </samplingDescription>
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                <description>
                    <para>OTN species names are verified using the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). If species names on new data cannot be verified against (a) known valid names in OTN, and/or (b) WoRMs the Data Provider will be notified so they can check they are correct. Names that cannot be placed after checking with WoRMS are, where possible, placed on the basis of other authoritative sources, such as the Fishbase or ITIS; and once completely verified a request will be sent to WoRMS for addition of the verified species name.
http://members.oceantrack.org/data/discovery/byspecies</para>
                </description>
            </qualityControl>
        </methods>
        <project>
            <title>OTN VR2W Loan - Cabo Verde Elasmobranch Research Project</title>
            <personnel>
                <individualName>
                    <givenName>Manuel</givenName>
                    <surName>Dureuil</surName>
                </individualName>
                <role>principalInvestigator</role>
            </personnel>
            <abstract>
                <para>More than 60 elasmobranch species inhabit the waters of Cabo Verde Island. The assemblage include a wide spectrum of species from large and small coastal species to pelagic species and from highly migratory to resident species, as well as species endemic to Cabo Verde, such as the Cabo Verde skate, Raja herwigi, and semi-endemic species (endemic to West Africa), such as the Atlantic weasel shark, Paragaleus pectoralis. Neonates and adult individuals are present and this wide demographic spread indicates that essential and important, but largely uncharacterized, habitats of elasmobranch are present in this region and it is believed to be one of the last refugees for elasmobranchs in West Africa, and indeed the North Atlantic Ocean. However, detailed scientific information is scarce preventing any science-based management efforts. The high value of this area in conjunction with the ability to study and protect some species within Marine Protected Areas means the region can offer some degree of sanctuary from the world-wide decline in elasmobranch species. This decline is mainly triggered by the high demand for shark fins and flesh and primarily the result of unstainable fishing practices and lacking or inadequate management. There is growing public and scientific concern over the global decline of elasmobranch populations and the consequences of such declines include changes in the structure, function and stability of marine ecosystems. Currently, there is no stock assessment available for any elasmobranch species in Cabo Verde and although marine reserves have been established, their benefit for elasmobranch conservation remains unclear. Hence, more detailed scientific information is needed to allow for a comprehensive and successful elasmobranch conservation strategy in Cabo Verde. Moreover, the characterization and conservation of Cabo Verde elasmobranch populations will contribute to both, the preservation of species diversity and support a sustainable resource for ecotourism and fisheries. Therefore, the Cabo Verde Elasmobranch Research Project aims to improve our understanding of the biology, ecology, and conservation status of elasmobranchs in Cabo Verde waters in order to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive protection and management, aid the science of these species and to benefit local communities and Cabo Verde in terms of fisheries, education and maintenance of biodiversity. The Project is based on an interdisciplinary approach with the goal of bringing together international and Cabo Verdean researchers, government representatives and resource managers, industry, NGOs and local communities, translating scientific information into on-the-water conservation measures and ensuring the effectiveness of management efforts. Canadian, Cabo Verdean and international researchers will collaborate to support long-term sustainability of elasmobranch populations through species assessments, field surveys, collection of fisheries data, telemetry studies, stock assessments, the collection of biological or environmental data, and gathering local ecological knowledge observations. The local knowledge of Cabo Verdeans who use the sea, such as traditional fishermen, will be an invaluable assistance in achieving these goals.</para>
            </abstract>
            <funding>
                <para>OTN is a research and technology development initiative headquartered at Dalhousie University, in Halifax Nova Scotia. OTN is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) and is grateful to have once received funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Social Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (SSHRC). OTN is also grateful for the continued support from Research Nova Scotia, and OTN&apos;s host institution, Dalhousie University.</para>
            </funding>
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                            citableClassificationSystem="false">
                    <descriptorValue>No study area description for this project was provided to OTN for publication.</descriptorValue>
                </descriptor>
            </studyAreaDescription>
            <designDescription>
                <description>
                    <para>A wide range of aquatic species are tagged with small electronic transmitters, surgically implanted or attached externally, which can operate for up to 20 years. Acoustic receivers arranged in line on the ocean floor as well as attached to buoys, gliders and large animals (e.g. grey seals) pick up the coded acoustic signals from these tags identifying each tagged sea creature that passes within half a kilometer of the receiver. Data collected by these listening stations are subsequently uploaded to one of many compatible data nodes, adding to the reach of an intercompatible network of networks designed and maintained by the Ocean Tracking Network, producing current and reliable records for every part of the globe. Certain classes of electronic tags and listening equipment (receivers) may also be outfitted or co-located with sensors to measure the ocean&apos;s temperature, depth, salinity, currents, chemistry, and other properties.</para>
                </description>
            </designDescription>
        </project>
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                <dateStamp>2022-08-19T00:00:00.000+00:00</dateStamp>
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                <citation identifier="https://doi.org/10.14286/sjgryq">Dureuil, M., Worm, B., Townsend, B., Whoriskey, F., Harvey-Clark, C., Monteiro, C., Martins, A., Silva, P., Evora, D., Melo, T., Rendall Rocha, P., Portugues, S., Stiebens, V. 2015. Accessed via the Ocean Tracking Network OBIS IPT on INSERT DATE</citation>
                <bibliography>
                    <citation>Dureuil, M., Worm, B., Townsend, B., Whoriskey, F., Harvey-Clark, C., Monteiro, C., Martins, A., Silva, P., Evora, D., Melo, T., Rendall Rocha, P., Portugues, S., Stiebens, V. 2015 In: Ocean Tracking Network Data Centre, Halifax Canada / otndc@dal.ca Retrieved: 2022-08-19 from db.load.oceantrack.org</citation>
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